Biolo1100 Chapter 11 DNA: The Genetic Material
  1. The physical structure of DNA is a sequence of monomers called nucleotides which form a double helix  .





     
  2. The double helix makes up a chromatid   of a chromosome.

     
  3. DNA replication   involves these steps:
     
    • The enzyme helicase   unwinds the double helix.

       
    • DNA polymerase   III adds nucleotides to each strand.







       
    • DNA ligase   joins the fragments together.


     
    Summary:
     
  4. A mutation   is a change in the DNA sequence that may affect proteins.







     
  5. Some genes can "jump" from one place on the chromosome to another through a process called transposition   and result in a mutation.